Gas-burner



1.1M. JUSTECE.

GAS BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT, 6, I919.

Patented Jan. 4, 1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

l. M. JUSTICE.

GAS BURNER.

. AFPLlCATiON FILED SEPT. 6, 1919. 1,364,281. Patented. Jan. 4, 1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Jnventor UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ITHAMAB M. JUSTICE, 0F DAYTON, OEIG, ASSIGNOR TO THE MANUFACTURERS EQUIPMENT COMPANY, OF T0191, OHIO, A GOBIORATION' OF OHIO.

GAS-BURNER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 4, 1921.

Application filed September 6, 1919. Serial No. 322,094.

To all whoa it may concern:

Be it known that I, ITHAMAR M. Jns'rlon, a citizen of the United States, residing at Dayton, in the county of Montgomery and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gas-Burners, of which the following is a specification, reference being bad therein to the accompanying drawing.

This invention relates to gas burners used in the manufacture of ceramic products. The improved burner of the present invention is especially designed for burning natural gas, as distinguished from producer gas, or other well known gases used in ceramic manufacturing. However, burners of the character of the invention, slightly modified or adjusted to adapt the same to different gas fuels, may also be used, and satisfactory results obtained therefrom with the other gases named, or any kind of gas generally used for burning ceramic wares.

In view of the high cost of gas fuel and the relatively large consumption in the ceramic industries, the cost of fuel enters vitally into the cost of production and the prices at which the products can be sold in a competitive market.

The main object of the present invention, therefore, is to provide an improved gas burner which will act to decrease the amount of fuel consumed during any given period of operation, and also to decrease the time required under the present practice to complete ceramic burning operations. Thus an advantage is gained both with respect to the rate and the time of fuel consumption, which very materially reduce the total of fuel required for the burning operation. Furthermore, the improved burning conditions also tend to improve the quality of the manufactured wares as greater uniformity in the heat treatment is obtained due to the improved combustion of the fuel.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a plan view of my improved burner;

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is an elevation of the intake end of the burner;

Fig. 4 is an elevation of the discharge end of the burner;

Fig. 5 is an enlarged side elevation of a detail of the gas nozzle shown in relative scale in Fig. 2; and

Fig. 6 is a rear end elevation of the device shown in Fig. 5.

The burner as shown in the drawings may be applied to any suitable source of gas supply, and to a suitable gas and air chamber, of the general type shown in Patent $11,148,903 issued to me August 3, 1915, and shown in later im roved form in my copending application erial #322,095, filed Sept. 6, 1919. However, the improved burner is not limited to any specific type of gas or air connections, as it is readily adaptable to any suitable construction for the ordinary practice of burning ceramic wares.

The burner consists, preferably, as here shown, of an integral housing in which are formed suitable air and gas inlets and the air and gas nozzles, the structure as a whole being designed for cheap and convenient production and for durable and effective operation.

The air nozzle is formed by the walls of the outer casing 1, which is provided with a hollow extension 2, which constitutes the air inlet port and is adapted to be secured to any suitable air service line.

An inner casing 5 is formed within and concentric with the outer casing 1 and constitutes the gas nozzle which is secured at its rear end to the base wall 6 of the outer housing and is further supported by ribs or partition walls 7 which join the inner casing on opposite sides thereof to the outer casing and serve the functional purpose of dividing the air space between the gas and air nozzles into an upper and a lower passage, the purpose of which will be presently described.

The gas nozzle, in the form here shown, is divided into two sections 8 and 9 by a solid partition wall 10, which has a large lug or supporting base 11 secured thereto and having an aperture extending longitudinally therethrough to receive the end of a gas supply pipe 12, the opposite end of the pipe extending through a supporting lug 13 secured to the outer side of the base wall 6. The portion of the wall 6 surrounding lug 13 is preferably webbed, as shown in Fig. 3, having apertures 14 opening into the air chamber 9, thus acting to cool the pipe the device isthreaded on the pipe 12, and

a cone shaped deflector 17 having the apex of the cone extended toward the discharge end of pipe 12, being spaced away therefrom a suitable distance, as shown in Fig.

5, by'spacingand supporting bars 18 interl as .- duced into the burner under pressure, subposed between the mounting portion 15 and cone 16 of the deflector. The base of the cone extends toward the discharge end of the nozzle, terminating in a plane substantially within the nozzle; the outer edge of the base being spaced from the wall of the nozzle casing to provide a restricted passage 19 for the gas between the base of the cone and the walls of the casing 5.

j The position of the apex of the cone 17 relative to the discharge end of pipe 12 and the deflection of the gas caused by the spacing bars 18 causes the gas to flow evenly over the surface of the cone and equally through the restricted space 19 and thence from the nozzle to meet the air delivered through nozzle 1.

With the use of burners of this character, both the air and gas are preferably introstantially inexcessof atmospheric pressure; the purpose being to cansebetter combustion of the fuel and even distribution in the kiln of, the heat resulting therefrom, and also'to avoid ingress of 1 cold air drafts through crevices in the kiln wall which tend to affect more or less harmfully the heat treating processes. I r

. A here shown, the air is admitted into the burner through a pipe 20, which is preferably provided with a suitable valve 21 whereby the volume of air may be regulated.

The air as delivered into the intake part 2 ofthe-housing lpasses into opposite air passages 22and23 formed by the opposite partitions 7 andanupward extension-7 of the partitions extending into the inlet 2.

Thus the air is caused to flow substantially equallythrough the passages 22 and 23 over the upper and lower wall of the nozzle hous- 1 ing 5 and from the nozzle 1 into the kiln.

3 the inner surface of the thickened end being inclined outwardly toward the axis of the nozzle, thus causing the air currents discharged from the opposite passages 22 and 23 to intersect and envelop the current of gas dischargedfrom the nozzle 5 and converge at a point substantially in advance of the discharge ends of the nozzles. I

These figures are taken from results obtained with the improved burners under average conditions, and are, therefore, representative of the commercial advantages'of my invention.

A further feature of the invention consists in making the burner adjustable to the air line in a number of positions to efi'ect a more convenient connection thereto. To this end, the burner is provided with a plurality of bases 3, whereby the burner may be located in any one of three positions, and right or left hand connections can be more conveniently made. v I g r Having thus fully. described my invention, what I claim as'new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a gas burner, the combination of an 1" cated within the gas nozzle, whereby the gas as it is deflected outwardly in the nozzle and discharged therefrom is caused to flowequally through a restricted space between the bore of the nozzle and the outer wall of the cone, and an inclinedsurface in the air nozzle to cause the air currents discharged therefrom to converge and intermix with the gas. I I V 3. In a gas burner, the combination of an air nozzle and gas nozzle secured within the air nozzle, means to cause air and gas to be introduced to said burner under pressure and means toregulate the volume thereof, an

integral cone-shaped deflector located within the gas nozzle whereby the gas is caused to bedischarged from the nozzle through an annular restricted space adjacent the wall thereof, and an inclined surface in the air nozzle whereby the air currents discharged mix with the gas.

4. In a gas burner, the combination of an air nozzle and a gas nozzle secured within the air nozzle, an integral cone-shaped deflector in the gas nozzle comprising a cone having its apex directed toward the inlet port of the nozzle and its base toward the outlet part thereof, a supporting base whereby the deflector is secured in said nozzle,'a

therefrom are caused to converge, and interplurality of bars wherebysaid cone is secured to the base and spaced therefrom and gas spaces between said bars whereby the gas is caused to flow evenly over the surface of the cone, and means ill-"the air nozzle to cause the air discharged therefrom to envelop said gas and intermix therewith.

5. In a gas burner, the combination of an air nozzle and a gas nozzle secured within the air nozzle, said gas nozzle consisting of a gas discharge chamber and an air cooling chamber, a gas pipe extending through said air chamber and communicating with said discharge chamber, and air passages opening into the air chamber.

6. In a gas nozzle the combination of a gas discharge chamber and an air cooling chamber, a gas pipe extending through said air chamber and communicating with said discharge chamber, and air passages opening into the air chamber.

7. In a gas burner the combination with an air nozzle having a plurality of bases whereby the nozzle is adapted to a plurality of positions relative to an air line service and a gas nozzle secured within the air nozzle, a cone-shaped deflector located within the gas nozzle, whereby the gas as it is deflected outwardly in the nozzle and discharged therefrom is caused to flow equally through a restricted space between the bore of the nozzle and the outer wall of the cone, and means in the air nozzle to cause the air currents discharged therefrom to converge and intermix with the gas.

In testimony whereof I alfix my signature.

ITHAMAR M. JUSTICE. 

